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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kal'kiroβatlem | om kal'kiroβatle |
| 2SG: | kal'kiroβatlet | ot kal'kiroβatle |
| 3SG: | kal'kiroβatla | ok/ogeš kal'kiroβatle |
| 1PL: | kal'kiroβatlena | ona/ogə̑na kal'kiroβatle |
| 2PL: | kal'kiroβatleda | oda/ogə̑da kal'kiroβatle |
| 3PL: | kal'kiroβatlat | ogə̑t kal'kiroβatle |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kal'kiroβatlə̑šə̑m | šə̑m kal'kiroβatle |
| 2SG: | kal'kiroβatlə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kal'kiroβatle |
| 3SG: | kal'kiroβatlə̑š | ə̑š kal'kiroβatle |
| 1PL: | kal'kiroβatlə̑šna | ə̑šna kal'kiroβatle |
| 2PL: | kal'kiroβatlə̑šda | ə̑šda kal'kiroβatle |
| 3PL: | kal'kiroβatlə̑št | ə̑št kal'kiroβatle |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kal'kiroβatlenam | kal'kiroβatlen omə̑l |
| 2SG: | kal'kiroβatlenat | kal'kiroβatlen otə̑l |
| 3SG: | kal'kiroβatlen | kal'kiroβatlen ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | kal'kiroβatlenna | kal'kiroβatlen onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | kal'kiroβatlenda | kal'kiroβatlen odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | kal'kiroβatlenə̑t | kal'kiroβatlen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kal'kiroβatlem ə̑l'e | om kal'kiroβatle ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kal'kiroβatlet ə̑l'e | ot kal'kiroβatle ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kal'kiroβatla ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kal'kiroβatle ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kal'kiroβatlena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kal'kiroβatle ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kal'kiroβatleda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kal'kiroβatle ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kal'kiroβatlat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kal'kiroβatle ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kal'kiroβatlem ulmaš | om kal'kiroβatle ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kal'kiroβatlet ulmaš | ot kal'kiroβatle ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kal'kiroβatla ulmaš | ok/ogeš kal'kiroβatle ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kal'kiroβatlena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kal'kiroβatle ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kal'kiroβatleda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kal'kiroβatle ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kal'kiroβatlat ulmaš | ogə̑t kal'kiroβatle ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kal'kiroβatlenam ə̑l'e | kal'kiroβatlen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kal'kiroβatlenat ə̑l'e | kal'kiroβatlen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kal'kiroβatlen ə̑l'e | kal'kiroβatlen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kal'kiroβatlenna ə̑l'e | kal'kiroβatlen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kal'kiroβatlenda ə̑l'e | kal'kiroβatlen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kal'kiroβatlen ə̑l'e | kal'kiroβatlen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kal'kiroβatlenam ulmaš | kal'kiroβatlen omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kal'kiroβatlenat ulmaš | kal'kiroβatlen otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kal'kiroβatlen ulmaš | kal'kiroβatlen ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kal'kiroβatlenna ulmaš | kal'kiroβatlen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kal'kiroβatlenda ulmaš | kal'kiroβatlen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kal'kiroβatlen ulmaš | kal'kiroβatlen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kal'kiroβatle | it kal'kiroβatle |
| 3SG: | kal'kiroβatlə̑že | ə̑nže kal'kiroβatle |
| 1PL: | (kal'kiroβatlena) | (ona/ogə̑na kal'kiroβatle) |
| 2PL: | kal'kiroβatlə̑za | ida kal'kiroβatle |
| 3PL: | kal'kiroβatlə̑št | ə̑nə̑št kal'kiroβatle |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kal'kiroβatlə̑nem | ə̑nem kal'kiroβatle |
| 2SG: | kal'kiroβatlə̑net | ə̑net kal'kiroβatle |
| 3SG: | kal'kiroβatlə̑neže | ə̑než kal'kiroβatle |
| 1PL: | kal'kiroβatlə̑nena | ə̑nena kal'kiroβatle |
| 2PL: | kal'kiroβatlə̑neda | ə̑neda kal'kiroβatle |
| 3PL: | kal'kiroβatlə̑nešt | ə̑nešt kal'kiroβatle |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kal'kiroβatlə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kal'kiroβatle ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kal'kiroβatlə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kal'kiroβatle ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kal'kiroβatlə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kal'kiroβatle ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kal'kiroβatlə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kal'kiroβatle ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kal'kiroβatlə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kal'kiroβatle ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kal'kiroβatlə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kal'kiroβatle ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kal'kiroβatlə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net kal'kiroβatle ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kal'kiroβatlə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než kal'kiroβatle ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kal'kiroβatlə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda kal'kiroβatle ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kal'kiroβatlə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kal'kiroβatle ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kal'kiroβatlaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kal'kiroβatlə̑man |
| Active participle: | kal'kiroβatlə̑še |
| Passive participle: | kal'kiroβatlə̑me |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kal'kiroβatlə̑šaš |
| Negative participle: | kal'kiroβatlə̑də̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kal'kiroβatlen |
| Negative gerund: | kal'kiroβatlə̑de |
| Gerund of prior action: | kal'kiroβatlə̑mek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kal'kiroβatlə̑meš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kal'kiroβatlə̑šə̑la |
| Nominalization: | kal'kiroβatlə̑maš |
| Negative nominalization: | kal'kiroβatlə̑də̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||